Perhaps I don't understand Kegan correctly, but imho stage 4 marks the departure from externally assimilated beliefs to internally constructed ones, and that necessary involves the exploration of the criteria for valid beliefs? (Not that I want to discuss Kegan exegetics here.)
Definitely! And, science works (much of the time). Rationality works (much of the time). Reasoning and evidence are valuable (usually). It’s just that there’s no guarantees, and no one optimal method.
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As a meta-model, first use only reason to observe reality with, and to construct the best models you can, to know the most realistic options available to you. Then choose using your preferences. Is the most effective model.pic.twitter.com/YxcQhUu1Hs
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Though, admittedly, there is no objective data/proof, because the model people operate on is subjective and much less well defined …
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