Emil O W Kirkegaard

The judge summarizes EVERY item on all 3 tests--a huge breach of confidentiality, but useful for anyone who wants to know more about test item formats. 3/pic.twitter.com/h2Dsv2chi9

Interesting point: much of the judge's opinion analyzes the testimony of Dr. Robert L. Williams. I didn't know until I looked him up, but he's best known today as the creator of the word "ebonics." He also created the BITCH test. 4/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Williams_(psychologist) …pic.twitter.com/ewSi6l3IS7

Anyway, the analysis of his testimony in the PASE case is SO embarrassing for Williams. Most of what's quoted in the opinion is speculation on why a Black child would unfairly get an item wrong. The judge repeatedly expresses frustration that Williams never presented data. 6/pic.twitter.com/MLmRMNBQAY

Williams also obfuscated test content. Here he is giving examples that aren't actually on any of the 3 tests. The judge also criticizes him repeatedly for using items at high age levels (including for adults) that children with intellectual disabilities would never see. 7/pic.twitter.com/GGCIDZIy3H

The judge was NOT happy that Williams cherry picked test items to criticize as if they were representative of the entire test's bias against Black children. 8/pic.twitter.com/jlknTNqmCM

Judge also not impressed by Williams's BITCH test. By the way, this test was NOT a joke. Williams received a $153,000 grant from NIMH to develop the BITCH (see link). That's the equivalent of over $900,000 in 2018 dollars. 9/ https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/13/archives/black-psychologist-fighting-use-of-intelligence-tests-he-says.html …pic.twitter.com/2QWzDhTUdL