I really appreciate Andrew Gelman's way of defining 'probability' that transcends the frequentist/Bayesian schism: Probability is a mathematical concept encoded in the Kolmogorov axioms. That's it. No need to argue over a canonical interpretation. It's just math!
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IMO, the best way is to define probability as the expected value of the indicator (or a Boolean) function. The expected value just has satisfy some properties about linearity. Most fields have a very good idea of what expected value means in their domain (incl quantum mechanics).
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Also just a reminder that although probability theory is usually developed by defining probability and deducing expectation, it can equally be developed by defining expectation and deducing probability.
End of conversation
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