Three separate papers out today on DNA vaccines and natural immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Overall, I'm quite optimistic after seeing these results - especially from @InovioPharma: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16505-0 …
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The INO-4800 DNA-based vaccine (full-length S) from Inovio was shown in the paper to induce both neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and T-cell responses in two different animal models - no challenge in this study though. 2/7
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This in itself is not enough to make me optimistic, however, this data should be seen together with the recent Phase 1/2a trial for their INO-4700 MERS vaccine (also full-length S), which was shown to be safe and elicitic nAbs: https://www.biospace.com/article/releases/inovio-and-geneone-life-science-report-positive-phase-1-2a-clinical-data-with-dna-vaccine-ino-4700-for-mers-coronavirus-at-the-american-society-of-gene-and-amp-cell-therapy-asgct-conference/ … 3/7
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Combine this with the Yu et al. paper in
@ScienceMagazine comparing different DNA-based platforms in non-human primate models, showing that full-length S (same as INO-4800) appears to be the best immunogen and is protective: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/05/19/science.abc6284 … 4/71 antwoord 2 retweets 10 vind-ik-leuksDeze collectie tonen -
Note, animals did not* develop sterilizing immunity - there was a ~3-log drop in virus titers after challenge in vaccinated animals vs controls. From the Chandrashekar et al. paper in
@ScienceMagazine we see a 5-log diff. after natural infection: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/05/19/science.abc4776 … 5/72 antwoorden 4 retweets 12 vind-ik-leuksDeze collectie tonen
Sidenote on this study - it isn't surprising at all and we really can't conclude that SARS-CoV-2 infection (always) leads to protection. The NHP model combined with short timeline (~1 month) does not allow us to make general conclusions about human immunity to SARS-CoV-2. 5a/7
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