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JeffreyASachs's profile
Jeffrey Sachs
Jeffrey Sachs
Jeffrey Sachs
@JeffreyASachs

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Jeffrey Sachs

@JeffreyASachs

McGill PhD, now at Acadia University. Judicial politics, authoritarianism, Islamic law. Specializing in Sudan/Egypt.

Wolfville, Nova Scotia
mcgill.academia.edu/JeffreySachs
Joined June 2014

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    1. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      So granted: they're monsters. But are they the kinds of monsters who would undermine free speech? Herewith, some debunking of myths. Myth #1: Young people in general (and students in particular) don't support free speech.

      9 replies 56 retweets 646 likes
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    2. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      Let's start with the GSS data that's been circulating a lot online lately. They're based on answers to the so-called Stouffer Questions, which NORC has been asking since the early 70s. E.g. "Should X be allowed to speak in your community?" https://gssdataexplorer.norc.org/trends/Civil%20Liberties?measure=colath …

      8 replies 58 retweets 515 likes
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    3. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      On issue after issue, young people aged 18-34 are the MOST tolerant of potentially offensive speech *and trending upward*, while older Americans are the least. Play around with the Age filter and see for yourself.pic.twitter.com/fF5C8RN6po

      26 replies 411 retweets 1,452 likes
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    4. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      Now there is one important exception: tolerance for racist speech, where the age relationship is reversed. But even then, note that young people are just 4% below the national average -- a far cry from a generational crisis.pic.twitter.com/iy1EETY7Tw

      19 replies 200 retweets 967 likes
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    5. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      [Note: @jmrphy has some similarly "counter-intuitive" findings on the political breakdown]http://jmrphy.net/blog/2018/02/16/who-is-afraid-of-free-speech/ …

      2 replies 39 retweets 353 likes
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    6. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      Now, there are two important problems with this data. First, the Stouffer Questions themselves may not be a reliable test for tolerance of offensive speech, for the simple reason that not everyone finds speech by racists or communists offensive. See here: https://pages.wustl.edu/files/pages/imce/jlgibson/apsr1982.pdf …

      4 replies 57 retweets 455 likes
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    7. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      Second, not everyone between the ages of 18 and 34 is or recently was a university student, so it's not clear that the GSS is sensitive to specific issues related to campus speech.

      3 replies 45 retweets 452 likes
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    8. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      So let's look closer at college students in particular. This 2016 survey from the Knight Foundation/Newseum is especially useful. "Should universities be open environments that permit offensive speech, or safe ones that forbid it?" https://www.knightfoundation.org/media/uploads/publication_pdfs/FreeSpeech_campus.pdf …

      4 replies 54 retweets 353 likes
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    9. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      College students: "The first one!" And not only do they support an open environment, they're *more* likely to support one than US adults in general (via additional data from Gallup). Wow, talk about your aged snowflakes!pic.twitter.com/3X69GmOiEO

      2 replies 146 retweets 775 likes
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    10. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      It's not all good news for Free Speech Freakout-skeptics like myself. There's wide variation among students, and greater numbers are willing to support restrictions when faced with concrete scenarios. But I doubt US adults over all would respond very differently.pic.twitter.com/2LuiAVduP6

      16 replies 53 retweets 417 likes
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      Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

      Myth #2: University makes students less tolerant of offensive speech. Actually, it's the opposite! University makes people MORE tolerant of offensive or opposing viewpoints, not less. Surprised? You probably haven't spoken with many high schoolers lately. They're psychopaths.

      8:42 AM - 9 Mar 2018
      • 178 Retweets
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      7 replies 178 retweets 1,122 likes
        1. New conversation
        2. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          But more seriously, here is some headline data from a survey of over 7,000 students at more than 120 US colleges. After one year of college, a plurality of students reported improved attitudes toward other students with opposing political viewpoints. https://theconversation.com/does-college-turn-people-into-liberals-90905 …pic.twitter.com/a2VWiI2MZL

          7 replies 131 retweets 542 likes
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        3. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          And there's more. According to a massive 2009 UCLA study (the most recent I could find with the comparative data), four years of college makes students *less supportive* of banning racist/sexist speech on campus. Wow, college is a moderating force! https://www.heri.ucla.edu/PDFs/pubs/Reports/2009_CSS_Report.pdf …pic.twitter.com/mevS1IYX4w

          21 replies 112 retweets 548 likes
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        4. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          And finally... Myth #3: Students may tell pollsters that they support free speech, but their actions show otherwise.

          1 reply 53 retweets 328 likes
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        5. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          FIRE has the goods. Out of a country with 4,700 universities, there were 29 attempts in 2017 to disinvite or block an invited speaker from speaking on campus. Twenty-nine…and most of those attempts failed.https://www.thefire.org/resources/disinvitation-database/ …

          32 replies 253 retweets 716 likes
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        6. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          Moreover, those that did succeed were more likely to come from the Right, not the Left. So much for the tolerant Right!https://heterodoxacademy.org/campus-speaker-disinvitations-recent-trends-part-2-of-2/ …

          29 replies 217 retweets 881 likes
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        7. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          (Oh, and FIRE reports a strong and steady decline in the number of universities with formal speech codes as well.) https://d28htnjz2elwuj.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/02103107/Annual_Report_2017.pdf …pic.twitter.com/vKNE1HmIuH

          1 reply 66 retweets 381 likes
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        8. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          Now, some of you may be wondering why, if there is no campus free speech crisis, we keep hearing about one. I have my suspicions, having to do with a mix of false nostalgia, anti-elitism, and the distorting effects of social media. But I want to suggest another reason as well.

          12 replies 118 retweets 728 likes
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        9. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          Universities only look like unique hotbeds of anti-free speech sentiment because most adults have no idea how much censorship they themselves are subject to. I mean think about it: where do you spend 90% of your time outside of the house?

          12 replies 237 retweets 925 likes
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        10. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          If it's the workplace, have I got some bad news for you: https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=123024596 … https://www.americanbar.org/publications/insights_on_law_andsociety/15/winter-2015/chill-around-the-water-cooler.html …https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/are-bosses-dictators …

          3 replies 125 retweets 578 likes
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        11. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          The point? Well, maybe the reason so many working adults roll their eyes at student outrage over offensive speech is because their employers exert massive private sector coercion to shield them from it. Unlike students, they've forgotten what it's like in the real world.

          21 replies 274 retweets 1,027 likes
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        12. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          (Incidentally, this is also why it would be disastrous for the Left to dismiss private sector censorship on the grounds that, because it's not state-based, it doesn't count. That, my friends, is the Private Life of Power.) http://coreyrobin.com/2012/03/20/the-private-life-of-power/ …

          2 replies 89 retweets 551 likes
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        13. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          So, quick summary: There is no campus free speech crisis, the kids are all right, those that say otherwise have lost all perspective, and the real crisis may be elsewhere. But they are still monsters.

          40 replies 210 retweets 1,088 likes
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        14. Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Mar 9

          [Correction: My summary of data from FIRE is out of date, with more reports probably coming in since Jan. 1st. The current # of dis-invitations for 2017 stands at thirty-five. Mea culpa, and thanks to @politicalmath for catching that.]

          36 replies 50 retweets 394 likes
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        15. End of conversation
        1. destrawman‏ @destrawman Mar 10
          Replying to @JeffreyASachs

          Oh they "tolerate" real well They "tolerate" people repeatedly in many of those protest. Just like they "tolerated" Richard Spencer in the face.

          0 replies 0 retweets 0 likes
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        1. Naught.0  🇺🇸‏ @buildyourburger Mar 9
          Replying to @JeffreyASachs

          From the cradle of free speech in the USApic.twitter.com/HlcSGe1EZ5

          0 replies 0 retweets 2 likes
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        1. New conversation
        2. Matthew‏ @Roland00Address Mar 9
          Replying to @JeffreyASachs

          High school kids are psychopaths, elementary school kids are sociopaths, and middle school kids are the worst!

          1 reply 0 retweets 1 like
        3. Kim #MedicareForAll  🏨 😢‏ @FlowersAreR3d Mar 11
          Replying to @Roland00Address @JeffreyASachs

          Middle school girls are the worst Boys, meh. Biggest thing I encountered was being told by my daughter’s teacher that girls shouldnt wear skirts b/c middle sch boys didn’t learn to be gentlemen over the summer. They let girls go up the stairs 1st so they can see their underwater

          1 reply 0 retweets 0 likes
        4. Kim #MedicareForAll  🏨 😢‏ @FlowersAreR3d Mar 11
          Replying to @FlowersAreR3d @Roland00Address @JeffreyASachs

          Jeffrey, thank you for such an excellent thread. This tweet made me laugh out loud. 😃

          0 replies 0 retweets 0 likes
        5. End of conversation

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