What's an Effective field theory (EFT), and why we care about it? 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐱 (yes, there's an index for this twitter thread): 1. Decoupling 2. Effective 3. Renormalization 4. References
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1. Decoupling In nuclear physics, things like protons are made of quarks and gluons. But it’s difficult to use quarks and gluons to study protons. Because physics at the level of protons (sometimes) decouples from physics at the level of quarks, we ignore quark interactions.
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I’m not sure I would say they ‘decouple’ here, just that QCD becomes ill defined
