Why is the particle process (e-) + (e+) → W+ not possible?
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Not only that.. the process can’t even be induced at loop level since it’s at each vertex where charge is conserved
This comes down to QED being a U(1) gauge theory, which implies a globally conserved charge.. and since all of our operators are gauge invariant we must have that the "vertices" representing those operators obey that too
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It's invariance under a gauge transformation
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A "local gauge (space dependent) transformation" plus a "covariant derivative" (to restore the invariance of the action) involving the "gauge field", implying an interaction (vertex) term. The so called "Noether procedure" for U(1). http://www.weizmann.ac.il/particle/perez/Courses/QMII15/TA9.pdf …
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"Compensating gauge field(s)" ;-) In the U(1) case: A_(\mu) the "four-potential".
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