The dice in this game had three evenly distributed colours - blue, yellow, and red People had to report the colour they got on their first dice roll. If it was blue, they got no money, yellow they got 3 Euros, and red, 5 Euros
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Because the game was random, you can use the reported numbers to compare to the numbers you'd get if people reported the colours accurately, and determine whether they were probably lying
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Here's the main finding in graphical form. If you look at the columns on the right, they are higher than the ones on the left, so obese people lie more! Except, there's something a little weird here. The statistical tests don't actually compare obese and lean peoplepic.twitter.com/805NZQfBTF
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If you look carefully, all of these statistical tests are comparing within-group differences - i.e. how likely it is that within the obese/fasted group the results would've been observed due to chance
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But they AREN'T comparing obese and lean people! What you expect to see, going by the abstract and discussion of the study, is a statistical test comparing the proportions BETWEEN groups i.e. comparing obese with leanpic.twitter.com/TA01sdeBfj
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Fortunately, the authors did this analysis as well! You can find it in table 4 of the supplementary materials
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Well, here's the table. The bottom two rows are the interesting ones NO significant differences between reported proportions for pretty much any subgroup of lean vs obese peoplepic.twitter.com/BgYhKLu0J3
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In fact, it appears as if the main finding of this paper completely contradicts the results of this analysis. There does not appear to be any statistically significant differences in the reported values when comparing lean and obese people at all!
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Now, that's pretty bad. But it gets worse This study was probably not designed to test the question of obese vs lean How do we know? Look at the sample size calculationpic.twitter.com/NtOj1k7zwi
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Maybe they were looking at 50% confidence intervals 
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