If you look carefully, all of these statistical tests are comparing within-group differences - i.e. how likely it is that within the obese/fasted group the results would've been observed due to chance
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Bringing it back home, we have this sentence in the discussion According to supplementary table 4, this simply isn't true!pic.twitter.com/zNm5GfENI8
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Obese people had differences in behaviour, but the statistical comparisons DIDN'T SHOW A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE Pretty major issue, that
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Anyway, the paper is abhorrent regardless, but I think it also shows some worrying signs of being constructed after the fact from a dataset of a trial with different aims
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Oh, another issue - the paper makes an inherently misleading claim about causality. The primary findings were of a subgroup analysis of non-randomized groups (lean vs obese) and so it's not clear whether this was causal anyway
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Because the randomization was simply fasted vs breakfast, the causal attribution for this study should be comparing those two groups, not the subgroups of obese vs lean
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End of conversation
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