Maybe there are a million factors you can never measure, and never control for, and thus it's really hard to know if this is causal or not Maybe
To be precisely accurate, I would say that, based on the literature to date, there is likely an association between very hot beverages and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, however the causality in this relationship has not been fully elucidated and confounding factors exist
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While it is possible that very hot drinks cause cancer, it is currently not unlikely that a third factor, perhaps pollution-induced esophageal damage, is confounding the relationship
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Furthermore, given the minimal absolute risk difference observed from drinking even very large amounts of very hot tea - up to 2 litres a day! - it is incredibly misleading to characterize this as a risk to individuals. If anything, it is only meaningful at a very high level
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