We should base estimates on the evidence that is available and applies. 95% figure aside - you do understand that it's not just studies of vaping that apply to the question of risk & we have an enormous amount of consensual science on nicotine and smoke that applies here, Right?
But the figure itself, the one that has been repeated forever, came from the Nutt paper. PHE basically said "vaping looks to be safe, let's use this 95% figure because it's there and it's helpful"
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"Vaping looks to be safe"? They commissioned independent university researchers with established expertise in the area of tobacco and nicotine to conduct a systematic review- the kind at the top layers of that pyramid you shared. Based on that, they chose to use the number.
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Disagreeing with that choice is valid. Questioning the overwhelming evidence reflected in that review and the many that have since followed it - some which quantify, some which don't - is not.
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