Main points: Conditioning can be thought of in different ways: As an effect of a specific procedure (ie, pairings between CSs and USs) and as a mechanism (eg, associations between CS and US representations). 2/9
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As an effect, conditioning shows important functional similarities to anxiety disorders, in that stimulus pairings can be a possible, but not necessary or sufficient cause of fear (eg, fear can also result from verbal instr, observation; latent inhib can prevent conditioning) 3/9
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Mechanistically, conditioning has been thought to be the result of different possible processes: S-S, S-S, propositional, or multiple process models. 4/9
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All these models have had an important contribution for our understanding of anxiety disorders. However, S-R models have been largely abondoned because they can't account for US devaluation, learning through instr and for different ways in which stimuli can be related. 5/9
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Also the other models have their problems that need to be addressed (eg, S-S: accounting for how stim are related; prop: formalization; multi process: interaction between processes). 6/9
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Importantly, it is important to separate thinking of conditioning as an effect and as a specific mechanism. As an effect, conditioning can contribute to our understanding of how one causal pathway (stimulus pairings) add to the development of anxiety disorders. 7/9
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As a mechanism, theory development can provide a predictive framework to uncover new moderators of conditioning effects. For instance, a new research program due to new theory development could be to study how stimulus pairings lead to belief development and revision. 8/9
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As such, conditioning theory has still much to offer for the research on anxiety disorders. /end
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