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@Foone

Hardware / software necromancer, collector of Weird Stuff, maker of Death Generators. Patreon: https://patreon.com/foone  ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/fooneturing 

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    foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
    • Prijavi Tweet

    So Doom (1993) has a neat bit of encryption in it. It's not very strong encryption, but it's still encryption. And it's not used in any sort of way you'd normally expect: not copy protection, or multiplayer anti-cheat, or anti-tampering on saves... It's to slow down FAQs.

    11:37 - 29. lis 2019.
    • 657 proslijeđenih tweetova
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    21 reply 657 proslijeđenih tweetova 2.025 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
      1. Novi razgovor
      2. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        So here's the code I'm talking about, the macro SCRAMBLE It looks annoyingly complicated but it's not, really. It's taking an 8-bit number and shifting around some of the bits.pic.twitter.com/tvpUKnnkfq

        7 proslijeđenih tweetova 187 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      3. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        If you diagram out what's happening, it makes slightly (BUT ONLY SLIGHTLY) more sense. It kinda looks like they started with a a "reverse the order of these bits" function but then switched it so the 4 and 32 don't get switched, they just go straight through.pic.twitter.com/Hm4ccodOqv

        5 replies 3 proslijeđena tweeta 172 korisnika označavaju da im se sviđa
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      4. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        So, how is this code used? Well, in m_cheat.c, it's used to build a lookup table which has all the values pre-encrypted, so it can quickly look them up later. Then, when you press a key, it translates it through this table:pic.twitter.com/4GVsVOIOXK

        3 proslijeđena tweeta 154 korisnika označavaju da im se sviđa
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      5. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        This code mainly takes care of checking what you've typed while playing Doom, to see if it matches one of the cheat codes, like IDKFA or IDDQD. If what you typed matches one, it returns a true value to the calling code, and the game can turn on (or off) that cheat.

        1 reply 3 proslijeđena tweeta 159 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      6. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        But the interesting part is how those cheat codes are defined in the source code (and therefore the executable). Here's one of them, the classic IDKFA:pic.twitter.com/u5EDu7YEZ4

        4 proslijeđena tweeta 152 korisnika označavaju da im se sviđa
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      7. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        the // idkfa part is just a comment to the programmers reading and writing the code, the only part the compiler cares about is the "0xb2,0x26,..." part. But why is it written out as 0xb2, 0x26? is this scancodes or something? NOPE!

        1 reply 3 proslijeđena tweeta 129 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      8. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        when they wrote the cheats into the source code, they pre-encrypted them with this SCRAMBLE function. Then, when the m_cheat.c code is checking your keypresses, it also SCRAMBLEs them and checks if they match.

        1 reply 3 proslijeđena tweeta 145 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      9. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        since it's comparing scrambled values against scrambled values, it doesn't need a descrambler of any sort. it just checks that they both scramble the same way. But why do they do it this way?

        3 proslijeđena tweeta 141 korisnik označava da mu se sviđa
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      10. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        it turns out the pre-scrambling is the entire point. They didn't want "IDKFA" and the other cheats to be written out in plain text in the source code. Now, the source code wasn't released until 6 years later, so why did they care?

        3 proslijeđena tweeta 194 korisnika označavaju da im se sviđa
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      11. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        because things like strings are incorporated into the binary file of the program directly. They're not compiled like the C instructions are. So anyone could have pulled out a hex editor and started scrolling through DOOM.EXE until they found some text, like "IDKFA"

        3 proslijeđena tweeta 187 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      12. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        which, because it's in the source right next to all the other cheats, would immediately tell them that the other cheats are idmus, idchoppers, iddqd, idkfa, idfa, idspispopd, idclip, idbehold*, idclev, and idmypos.pic.twitter.com/sKbRnL9UEN

        5 proslijeđenih tweetova 175 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      13. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        which'd obviously immediately get put into every cheats ... I almost said "website" there but there weren't very many websites in 1993. every cheats bulletin board file and usenet FAQ.

        3 proslijeđena tweeta 205 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      14. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        so by pre-encrypting them in the source they made it so you couldn't quickly find the cheats by searching the EXE for cheat-like phrases.

        1 reply 1 proslijeđeni tweet 144 korisnika označavaju da im se sviđa
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      15. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        I dunno how much this actually slowed them down. It'd be interesting to go look through the archives of the usenet groups and see how long it took for various cheats to get mentioned.

        2 proslijeđena tweeta 154 korisnika označavaju da im se sviđa
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      16. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        but hackers are crafty. You'd need a debugger (and for a game running in 32bit mode on DOS those were not going to be easy to come by) but you could set breakpoints on keypress and you'd probably find the cheat-checking code pretty quick, and then figure out how they're encoded

        5 proslijeđenih tweetova 139 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      17. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        I checked usenet. And the first result in comp.sys .ibm.pc .games.action (where most Doom discussion was happening) for "idkfa", was at 8am on December 15th, 1993. Elias 'CaveMan' Papavassilopoulos posted this list of cheats:pic.twitter.com/Wy6Qk3apF8

        9 replies 13 proslijeđenih tweetova 256 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      18. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        That thread, titled "idNews: sorry- not tonight" by David Taylor, seems to be the first time any Doom cheats were mentioned on usenet.https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.sys.ibm.pc.games.action/ArY43Es_1bw/uZilNsl8EwkJ …

        5 proslijeđenih tweetova 135 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      19. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        Doom's shareware episode was released at midnight on December 10, 1993. So the answer for "how much did this slow down hackers?" seems to be "at most, 5 days"

        24 proslijeđena tweeta 318 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      20. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        it's possible they were mentioned elsewhere on usenet prior to that post, I wasn't able to really search. That seems to have been the main usenet group for Doom stuff at the time, so it would have been quickly cross-posted had it shown up elsewhere first.

        1 reply 0 proslijeđenih tweetova 110 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      21. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        There was later a whole set of Doom-related newsgroups for Doom, but they didn't start getting created until January, 1994. https://doomwiki.org/wiki/Usenet_groups …pic.twitter.com/jbrduYRngb

        3 proslijeđena tweeta 97 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      22. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        BTW, it's amusing to see that the THE VERY SAME PLACE that excitedly talked about this new game, "Doom", back in 1993, is now talking about Outer Worlds. This post is like 30 minutes old. Usenet never died, it just slowed down.pic.twitter.com/NxOEFqjYAR

        7 replies 54 proslijeđena tweeta 377 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      23. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        BTW, 3 hours after Elias 'CaveMan' Papavassilopoulos posted their list of cheats, Jim Mcnicholas posted their own... in a suspiciously similar order and phrasing. J'ACCUSE, JIM MCNICOLAS!pic.twitter.com/CGKycBufjW

        1 reply 2 proslijeđena tweeta 135 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      24. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        you totally ripped off Elias's list and then didn't credit them. ADMIT IT

        1 reply 1 proslijeđeni tweet 136 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      25. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        David Taylor (of id Software) would confirm the cheats (and add on to, since hackers hadn't found iddt cheat yet) later that day, around 5pmpic.twitter.com/lsftTiA69v

        6 proslijeđenih tweetova 208 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      26. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        that was supposed to have a link:https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.sys.ibm.pc.games.action/QL8WehGZhps/7GRT3t0N514J …

        1 reply 0 proslijeđenih tweetova 79 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      27. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        An interesting thing about finding the cheats: As early as the 11th, someone (Eugen Wolwod) had spotted the activation messages for the cheats in the executable, but couldn't find how to activate them yet. https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.sys.ibm.pc.games.action/hDUPzSnmT1Q/Waj4S9D1viwJ …pic.twitter.com/Ei1ElT6CH0

        1 reply 2 proslijeđena tweeta 118 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      28. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        and on the 12th, people were hacking their save game files to get all weapons, even though they didn't have any cheat codes yet: https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.sys.ibm.pc.games.action/hDUPzSnmT1Q/0y3Qiv8bhHUJ …pic.twitter.com/WZ6trjQLHv

        2 proslijeđena tweeta 113 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      29. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        The fact that they found longer ones like choppers & spispopd makes me think that the cheats were finally figured out by someone debugging the EXE (rather than just typing key combinations until they found something that worked), and they missed iddt because it's elsewhere

        1 proslijeđeni tweet 97 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      30. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        all the other cheats are in st_stuff.c, but iddt is in am_map.c https://github.com/id-Software/DOOM/blob/77735c3ff0772609e9c8d29e3ce2ab42ff54d20b/linuxdoom-1.10/am_map.c#L287 …pic.twitter.com/Uvz8YnZxYt

        1 reply 0 proslijeđenih tweetova 86 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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      31. foone‏ @Foone 29. lis 2019.
        • Prijavi Tweet

        and compilers being what they are, that's likely going to end up somewhere else in the executable. (They would have found it if they did a search on what code calls cht_CheckCheat, and checked each of the arguments)

        0 proslijeđenih tweetova 82 korisnika označavaju da im se sviđa
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      32. Još 28 drugih odgovora

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