I wonder how long it'll be before large companies require DNSSEC (and verify) + TLS for delivering email 2FA codes.
My guess is never, despite the relative ease that those codes can be spied upon.
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Likely never. But if you have the choice of sending a 2FA code to either GMail or an SMS target, pretty please, pick GMail.
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It's less bad than SMS but barely anything will send email to Gmail with authenticated encryption because they only offer MTA-STS and while setting up receiving MTA-STS is just a minor pain, setting up outbound MTA-STS verification is far worse. Gmail's max-age is only 24h too.
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Gmail similarly doesn't deploy enforcing DMARC so people can spoof mail from Gmail addresses to other providers unless they hard-wire enforcing DMARC for Gmail which they mostly don't do. They expect others to do it but aren't willing to deploy it due to users with bad setups.