Checked exceptions aren't as nice as reporting errors directly via return types but it's a whole lot better than unchecked exceptions
I can't understand why people hate checked exceptions so much and I find Kotlin removing them to be a huge downgrade when using Java libraries.
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Kotlin's stance is essentially that you shouldn't be reporting errors with exceptions, which is all well good except it's heavily designed around Java interoperability. Even without Java 'FFI', it doesn't have a way to force you to handle a return value like #[must_use] in Rust.