You can check where devices like the Hexagon DSP are accessible from device SELinux policies.
android.googlesource.com/device/google/
QDSP is accessible to the camera, sensors and neural network HALs and CHRE (android.googlesource.com/platform/syste). Google Camera is the only app with direct access to it.
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Pixels have a dedicated SELinux domain for Google Camera extending the standard untrusted app domain with access to the Hexagon DSP (qdsp_device label) and Pixel Neural Core (airbrush_device). Neural Core is a TPU + IPU combo developed in some kind of collaboration with Samsung.
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Kernel driver for airbrush is at android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm.git. Mostly developed by Samsung other than the thermal throttling portions.
In AOSP or the stock OS on Pixels, apps only have indirect access to QDSP or the Neural Core is via the high-level NN API: developer.android.com/ndk/guides/neu.
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Since we don't have Google Camera in GrapheneOS like the stock OS, we've been considering removing the special SELinux domain for a while now. Can look back at our past tweets about it. It's useful for testing purposes but it's not something we intend to support or keep working.
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