Apple completely removed the option to separate user and disk passwords in Mojave. ugh.
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That makes sense if they're moving towards using fine-grained file-based encryption like iOS. The encryption would naturally end up specific to each user account, with it becoming fully at rest on logout. It could also keep a small subset of data at rest while locked like iOS.
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ChromeOS was designed to work that way with eCryptfs, although it's in the odd situation of being completely tied to a Google account and uses a shared password. There's essentially the assumption that the user doesn't have substantial local data and syncs everything to Google.