Which is roughly around the time non-white people were obtaining somewhat full civil status and ability to participate in governance.
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So I don't think "but" is the right word here. Those two things aren't necessarily exclusive.
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Backlash to civil rights gains definitely a big piece of it! But also far from an adequate explanation by itself, for reasons outline in…
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…James Forman, Jr.'s generous critique of The New Jim Crow in the NYU Law Review a few yrs ago.
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I also don't think looking solely at incarceration rate as the comparison is useful. I know I'm tracking NJC argument, but...
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Slavery->sharecropping/post-Reconstruction was a form of incarceration. What was ratio of slaves:population v incarcerated:population today?
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Foreman also doesn't seem to account for why incarceration rates don't react to decrease in violent crime from '92 peak current pre-70 level
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I think a big driver is that Dems have disproportionately empowered prosecution as a response to "tough on crime," so "bipartisan" debate...
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But those long duree forces matter greatly; “normal” in US has always been harsher than many places & shaped by settler colonial racism.
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Oh they matter! But not in themselves an adequate explanation for orders-of-magnitude increase that takes off ~1972
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Agreed! But following political economy of white supremacy & settler colonialism tells us lots abt different moments of carceral expansion
End of conversation
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