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...a society that is anywhere from 66% (Figueira's figures) to 85% (my own working estimate explained in the giant caption on the Sparta box chart) brutalized enslaved people - that is a pretty uniquely bad society.
I actually struggled to find any point of comparison. South Carolina - the least free U.S. state in 1860 - was 57.2% enslaved (only two states prior to the civil war had majority enslaved populations, S. Carolina and Mississippi).
Brazil was majority enslaved (52.8% is the figure I've seen) in the 1780s (as a colony of Portugal), but the figure at independence in 1822 I've seen is 1.5m out of 3.5m enslaved (42.8%).
But an entire polity - the whole political entity, metropole and colonies together - being not only majority enslaved but massively so...I honestly know of no later parallel. Perhaps a historian of the early modern Atlantic would know of one.
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