1/6 Have been thinking about Thucydides "Fear, Honor, and Interest" quote. Poked around the Greek a bit, but I'm not an expert by any means in Ancient Greek, and would like others to comment. But some thoughts.
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5/6 Is it possible that Thucydides here meant that one of the 3 main reasons one went to war was in aid of others? of allies? And thereby you helped your honor/reputation? Greek specialists dig in! Thuc. 1.75.3 and 1.76.2 (interest as used at 1.75.5 is a whole other word)
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In Polybius ὠφέλεια can mean 'spoils' or 'loot' which would seem to run the other way (though Polybius is much later, of course).
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For my own part, I think honor covers alliances (though that may just be all of the Romans in my head shouting 'fides!' a lot). For the Greeks, I think a lot of honor comes down to both sides of the common Greek moral imperative to "help friends and harm enemies."
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And so includes both vindictive revenge on one side, and stalwart defense of allies on the other (though to be frank, few Greek states seem to me to have been very reliable allies in the long run. Greek diplomacy is just kind of awful, even by ancient standards).
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the word definitely encompasses profit in other texts; I was intrigued by Perseus suggesting that *in Thucydides* it usually means aid in military contexts. This is what I want parsed!
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I suppose the next step would be to do a TLG lemma search first in Thucydides and then in other late-fifth-century Attic writers for ὠφέλεια and look at the meaning in all instances. And then presumably write a note for something like TAPA on what you find.
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