Functionally every Greek polis had the same basic set of governing institutions, be they oligarchy, democracy, or tyranny. The question was *always* the little issues of how power was distributed between those institutions. The gap between oligarchies and democracies was small.
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I don't think they're incompatible at all - and they're not usually read as being so. It's generally read as a "when I knew what they said, i wrote as close to that as I could, when I didn't, I wrote what I thought the moment would have demanded they say."
And taking Pericles' praise of the Athenian system as Thucydides' opinion of it is discordant with his expressed view on the subsequent failure of that system to produce policy and his later statement that a *different* system without the democracy was just straight up better.
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Do you know what book that discussion is in? Trying to find it.
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Certainly he is frustrated with some of the choices Athens makes, but they are hardly singled out for special criticism relative to other forms of government. Spartans' over-cautiousness and inability to function outside their comfort zone come up again and again.
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For instance, Thucydides clearly does not consider Athenian justice to have been "equal to all in their private differences" when he was exiled for what he clearly presents as no fault of his own (4.105ff)
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I wonder if his numerous, detailed accounts of talented citizens exiled from their home cities stirring up trouble for them by going over to their enemies represented a sort of historiographic catharsis.
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