Julian had a good PR agent making Strasbourg sound like THE GREATEST EPIC BATTLE THAT SAVED THE WESTERN EMPIRE!!!!!
That's the traditional reading as far as I know and I haven't a good reason to gainsay it. It's tricky, ballistarius isn't a super common word. Vegetius gives them among the levem armaturam (2.2), which would fit with missile troops, but also uses it of artillerymen (3.24).
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But then Vegetius also talks about arcuballistae and manuballistae, which certainly *seem* like something like a crossbow. Which might suggest that a non-technical writer like Ammianus might omit a prefix and use the base term.
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I've always wondered if it was an anachronism - that Roman crossbow troops had emerged from the artillery and so remained ballistarii...much like the U.S. First Cavalry Division contains no appreciable number of horses.
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