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Why does a phalanx have to be Greek, use the aspis, and be based on polis values? The Greeks did not think so. Ancient authors happily use the word for non-Greek formations with very different equipment. We moderns just prefer words to mean one thing and one thing only...
Perhaps it's become I come from arms-and-armor-land sometimes (where in period term usage is so fuzzy as to be useless and we need technical terms even if inventing or bending them), but I'm not so determined that 'phalanx' in a modern technical sense must map perfectly onto...
...the use in the literary sources. For me, the term 'phalanx' in a modern text, or a classroom, has the virtue of identifying two linked versions of a heavy infantry shield wall - the hoplite phalanx and the sarisa-phalanx. I tend to keep it there.
I'm perfectly willing to acknowledge in that space that the word 'phlanax' meant something a bit broader to the Greeks when they used it, just like the word 'longsword' is used far more broadly in medieval sources than by modern sword typology.
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