This. The Roman Peace was neither Roman, nor peaceful.https://twitter.com/jpnudell/status/1266148060725420038 …
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Of course, you are doing that by inflicting new violence at the frontier, but the limes is a smaller zone than the imperial core and those areas were not exactly peaceful before the Romans showed up either.
More generally, the shift from systems of interstate anarchy to systems of hegemony tend to link to low general levels of violence (on this, note Eckstein's Med. Anarchy and Rome Enters the East)
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yes. I think it would be quite possible to measure the number of wars in, for example, mainland Greece from mid-Republic to 3rd century AD and claim that Greece DID experience a Pax Romana, albeit at the cost of provincialization. (records good for Greece, perhaps also Egypt)
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I wonder how much small-scale violence passes mostly unnoticed. We'd know next to nothing of Gallus' campaigns to put down a revolt in Egypt were it not for his own inscription.
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