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wow i somehow just assumed all magma was the same substance, when if i'd thought for two seconds id have realized there's different types of magma depending on what types of rocky compositions are melted, and that different magmas have different behaviors/properties

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apparently water is the primary integral gas ingredient of magma???

8:24 PM · Oct 30, 2022

Michael Schumacher

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Water vapor. That one gas many people do not think of as a gas, because they go "Oh, that's just what you get when boiling water!".

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Most volcanism on earth isn't caused by heat being added to rocks, it's water being added to already-fairly-hot rocks, and the water lowers their melting point

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Water kinda lubes everything up when under extreme temperatures and pressure

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Oxygen is the most abundant element in the universe after Hydrogen, helium and carbon. With hydrogen FAR more abundant than carbon, there will be more water than CO2, and carbon does not vaporize until nearly 5000 Kelvin. Mantle is 3700 K.