First, we measured odor-evoked neuronal activity from hundreds of neurons in the olfactory bulb (OB) of a #zebrafish larva using multiphoton calcium imaging.pic.twitter.com/n9Ry0pKo7G
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Next, we acquired a complete volume electron microscopy stack of the same OB with a voxel size of 9⨯9⨯25nm and registered that EM volume to the multiphoton data for a detailed function to structure analysis of the OB circuitry.pic.twitter.com/2oIQpSwrEd
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We reconstructed the skeletons of all (n>1,000) neurons (see https://www.nature.com/articles/nn.4290 …) and annotated all synapses between the 745 mitral cells (MCs) and 254 interneurons (INs) resulting in the first synaptic resolution
#connectome of an entire vertebrate brain area.pic.twitter.com/w9ucYOgLfkPrikaži ovu nit -
We found that the MC activity patterns evoked by chemically similar odors get reorganized within few 100ms after stimulus onset resulting in a decorrelation and variance normalization of the population activity – a fundamental computation known as whitening.pic.twitter.com/hHUMiuJFBh
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Neuronal networks can decorrelate specific input patterns if their connectivity is adapted to the input covariance structure. To test the hypothesis that this transformation is encoded in the wiring diagram, we implemented a minimally complex network model of the OB.
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The model consisted of threshold–linear rate neurons and had only 6 free parameters. With the reconstructed wiring diagram it reproduced the experimentally measured dynamics well, but shuffling the connectivity abolished both pattern decorrelation & variance normalization.pic.twitter.com/cYp1CimzfK
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To identify properties of the wiring diagram that mediate whitening, we analyzed MC–IN–MC triplets. We found a strong over-representation of motifs with reciprocal connections and that the disynaptic inhibitory connectivity between MCs depends on their tuning similarity.pic.twitter.com/UzBHo2lqvk
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Hence, MCs form cohorts of co-tuned neurons that function as feature detectors. If a particular feature or molecular property is present, the activity of the MCs in the cohort is downregulated by feedback inhibition which results in a decorrelation of related patterns.pic.twitter.com/NxW5KlsC73
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Targeted manipulations of the wiring diagram confirmed the proposed whitening mechanism in simulations. Hence, whitening of sensory input in the OB seem to depend on an evolutionary memory of stimulus space that is contained in the wiring diagram of neuronal circuits.pic.twitter.com/zu8lujcsw7
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