Geographically speaking, the Odakyu Line is "commuter rail;" it connects outlying suburbs with downtown Tokyo
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Take a look at that outbound frequency...at least 6 trains per hour between 7 AM and 1 AM
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During the morning rush, it increases to 7 per hour...in the evening rush, 7-8 per hour. 4 and 5 per hour in the early morning...
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...and a couple of late night trains at 1 AM and 1:14 AM Now compare with outbound frequency on weekends and holidays...
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6 trains per hour is still maintained all day! The only difference is no extra trains during rush hour & night service is slightly reduced
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Now check out inbound frequencies: once again, 6 trains per hour is maintained all day, whether weekends or weekdays
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Once again, we find slight reductions for early morning and late night, and we find extra frequency during rush hours.
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Before continuing, let me clarify that Tsurukawa is a minor station on the line; more important stops have double this frequency
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With that out of the way: what lessons can we draw from this for Boston? First, that all-day ridership is the market, not just commuters...
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...and second, that to serve this market, you maintain a basic frequency for most hours of service for every day of the year.
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For crowded times of day, you might add extra frequency--but the difference won't be drastic (6 -> 7 per hour vs 1 -> 4 per hour)
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Why wouldn't you need to double the frequency during rush hour? Because your baseline frequency allows considerable excess capacity!
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This way, for most of your hours of operation, the train will be comfortably empty--plenty of seats relative to the number of riders
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During rush hour, *existing capacity fills first* before you have to worry about running extra trains...
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...and when you DO need to add extra trains, you won't need to add that many.
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i actually wouldn't mind something like this as a career. I love making organization
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