If we were to measure the economic development rate of a city, we would have to measure the ratio of new work to older work.
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Any city's performance at developing new work can change; ability to maintain high development rates holds off stagnation, allows prosperity
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Conditions promoting development are opposed to conditions promoting efficient production of existing goods and services
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Breakaways of workers from existing organizations promote dev of new work, create new orgs, but undermine efficiency of parent company
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Many small suppliers w duplicating, overlapping work are critical for high rate of dev, but inefficient re: their own work...
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...and re: the operations of producers who buy from them.
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Capital is efficiently invested thru few large investments/loans, but high dev rate means city's enterprises need access to many small loans
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...and moreover, investments from a large variety of sources
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The mere existence of many small enterprises conflicts w efficiency of a city's large, established enterprises
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A precondition for dev is the possibility of changing (maybe dramatically) one's own work and place in society during one's working life
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Cities make it possible for small, fragmentary, specialized, weak, or duplicated enterprises to operate even with considerable inefficiency
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...because a city's market is concentrated--it can buy more; more can be sold there
End of conversation
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